An Earlier Copy of al-Suhrawardī’s ʿAwārif al-Maʿārif and Its Scribe, Abū Ṭāhir al-Ḥanafī

Empirical Horizons in Islamic Historiography: Abū Rayḥān Al-Birunī

From the main features of the tradition of Islamic historiography is variety of its forms, types, methods, topics and schools. However, today, Islamic historiography is known by its mere narrative methods and schools, which are only part of this widespread tradition. In other words, the narrative aspect of Islamic historiography have overshadowed its other aspects. Therefore, researchers in thi...

AN AES INVESTIGATION OF ALUMINUM, Al OXIDE AND Al NITRIDE

The aluminum-L,,VV Auger spectra for elemental Al. Al oxide and Al nitride have been measured in an assessment of the utility of Auger spectroscopy in characterizing thin oxidized Al films used in model supported-metal catalyst studies. Clearly distinct spectra were found for the three surface chemical states. The oxide spectrum was shown to be similar to published spectra from bulk, single-cry...

A review and criticism of Wahba Zuḥaylī's method in al-Tafsīr al-Munīr fī al-‘Aqīda wa al-Sharī‘a wa al-Munhaj

The science of interpretation has a special position in the Islamic sciences and has been addressed seriously by Muslims from the very first days of Islam, because interpretation is to understand and discover the points of the best speech, i.e. the speech of the Sublime Allāh. One of the new commentaries on Muslims' divine book is al-Tafsīr al-munīr fī al-‘aqīda wa al-sharī‘a wa al-munhaj, auth...

An Overview of Mathematical Contributions of Ghiyath al-Din Jamshid Al-Kashi [Kashani]

In this paper, we study Ghiyath al-Din Jamshid al-Kashi's (1380-1429 A.D.) main mathematical achievements. We discuss his al-Risala al-muhitiyya ("The Treatise on the Circumference"), Risala al-watar wa'l-jaib ("The Treatise on the Chord and Sine"), and Miftah al-hisab ("The Key of Arithmetic"). In particular, we look at al-Kashi's fundamental theorem, his calcula...

RAZI AND HIS BOOK ON AL-TIN AL NISHABURI